Pediatric Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS-CHAD) Calculator

The 8-question Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents — answer each question 0–3 and get the 0–24 total with clinical interpretation bands, instantly and privately in your browser.

Educational use only — not medical advice. The ESS-CHAD is a screening questionnaire, not a diagnosis. Help your child answer, then discuss the result with your child's doctor or a pediatric sleep specialist.
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ESS-CHAD questionnaire

Over the past month, how likely has your child been to fall asleep while doing the things described below? Even if some of these things have not happened in the past month, try to imagine how they would have affected your child. A parent or guardian should help the child answer.

1.Sitting and reading

2.Sitting and watching TV or a video

3.Sitting in a classroom at school during the morning

4.Sitting and riding in a car or a bus for about half an hour

5.Lying down to rest or nap in the afternoon

6.Sitting and talking to someone

7.Sitting quietly by yourself after lunch

8.Sitting and eating a meal

How the ESS-CHAD is scored

Each of the 8 questions is scored 0 (would never fall asleep), 1 (slight chance), 2 (moderate chance), or 3 (high chance). The total score is the simple sum of all 8 answers, ranging from 0 to 24. Higher scores mean more daytime sleepiness.

ScoreInterpretation
0–5Lower normal daytime sleepiness
6–10Higher normal daytime sleepiness
11–12Mild excessive daytime sleepiness
13–15Moderate excessive daytime sleepiness
16–24Severe excessive daytime sleepiness

The key cutoff: a score above 10 (that is, 11 or higher) suggests excessive daytime sleepiness; a score of 10 or below falls in the normal range (Janssen et al., 2017).

Worked example

A parent helps their child answer the 8 questions and records:

2 + 1 + 2 + 1 + 3 + 0 + 2 + 1 = 12

Total = 12 → Mild excessive daytime sleepiness (above the 10-point cutoff, so this suggests excessive daytime sleepiness — worth discussing with the child's doctor).

ESS-CHAD vs the adult ESS: different instruments

The adult Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS, Johns 1991) was designed for adults, and several of its situations do not fit children and adolescents — for example "sitting quietly after a lunch without alcohol" and "in a car, while stopped for a few minutes in the traffic" as a driver. The ESS-CHAD (Janssen et al., Sleep Medicine 2017) is a separately validated adaptation:

Frequently asked questions

What is the ESS-CHAD?

The Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents (ESS-CHAD) is an 8-question screening questionnaire developed and validated by Janssen et al. (Sleep Medicine, 2017) to measure daytime sleepiness in children and adolescents. It adapts the adult Epworth Sleepiness Scale to situations relevant to young people, such as sitting in a classroom. It is a screening tool only, not a medical diagnosis.

How is the ESS-CHAD scored?

Each of the 8 questions is answered on a 0 to 3 scale: 0 means would never fall asleep, 1 slight chance, 2 moderate chance, and 3 high chance. Add the 8 answers together for a total score from 0 to 24. A score above 10 suggests excessive daytime sleepiness. The bands are 0-5 lower normal, 6-10 higher normal, 11-12 mild excessive, 13-15 moderate excessive, and 16-24 severe excessive daytime sleepiness.

What does my child's ESS-CHAD score mean?

Scores of 0 to 5 indicate lower normal daytime sleepiness, and 6 to 10 higher normal daytime sleepiness. A score of 11 to 12 indicates mild excessive daytime sleepiness, 13 to 15 moderate, and 16 to 24 severe excessive daytime sleepiness. Any score above 10 suggests excessive daytime sleepiness that should be discussed with your child's doctor. The questionnaire cannot diagnose a sleep disorder by itself.

What is the difference between the ESS-CHAD and the adult Epworth Sleepiness Scale?

They are different instruments for different age groups. The adult ESS (Johns, 1991) asks about adult situations such as sitting quietly after lunch without alcohol and being in a car stopped in traffic. The ESS-CHAD (Janssen et al., 2017) was separately validated for children and adolescents and changed 5 of the 8 situations: a classroom replaces the theatre or meeting, a half-hour car or bus ride replaces an hour as a passenger, the alcohol reference is removed, and sitting and eating a meal replaces the stopped-in-traffic item. Use the adult ESS for adults and the ESS-CHAD for children and adolescents — do not mix them.

What age range is the ESS-CHAD validated for?

The ESS-CHAD was validated for children and adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. A parent or guardian should help the child complete the questionnaire and review the responses with a doctor. For children younger than 12, a doctor or pediatric sleep specialist should guide how daytime sleepiness is assessed.

Does a high ESS-CHAD score mean my child has a sleep disorder?

No. The ESS-CHAD is a screening questionnaire, not a diagnostic test. A high score suggests excessive daytime sleepiness and possible underlying sleep issues, but a diagnosis requires a full evaluation by a doctor or sleep specialist, which may include a clinical interview and sleep studies. Always discuss the result with your child's doctor.

Is my child's data private on this page?

Yes. This calculator runs entirely in your browser — answers are never sent to any server, stored, or shared. You can verify this by disconnecting from the internet after the page loads; the questionnaire still works.

Free tool by NRTechStudio