Mortgage questions, answered
How much can I borrow for a mortgage in the UK?
Most UK lenders cap borrowing at around 4.5 times your gross annual income. On a £60,000 salary that is £270,000. Lenders then run affordability checks: they stress-test your payments at a higher rate and subtract your committed outgoings. For example, with £3,500 monthly take-home pay, £1,800 of outgoings and a £200 buffer, you can afford £1,500 a month, which supports roughly £212,230 at a 7% stress rate over 25 years — so the affordability test, not the 4.5x multiple, would bind here.
What are the monthly payments on a £270,000 mortgage at 5% over 25 years?
£1,578.39 per month. Over 25 years you would repay £473,517 in total, which includes £203,517 of interest. Small rate changes move this a lot: at 4.98% the same loan costs £1,575.25 a month.
How much stamp duty will I pay on a £500,000 house in England?
As a standard buyer you pay £15,000: nothing on the first £125,000, 2% on the slice from £125,001 to £250,000 (£2,500), and 5% on the slice from £250,001 to £500,000 (£12,500). As a first-time buyer you pay £10,000: 0% on the first £300,000 and 5% on the £200,000 above it. Stamp duty bands: 0% up to £125,000, 2% to £250,000, 5% to £925,000, 10% to £1.5 million, 12% above.
Do first-time buyers pay stamp duty on a £350,000 home?
Yes, but a reduced amount: £2,500. First-time buyer relief gives 0% on the first £300,000 and 5% on the portion from £300,001 to £500,000, so 5% of £50,000 = £2,500. Relief disappears entirely above £500,000, where standard rates apply.
What is the mortgage lender stress test?
Lenders must check you could still afford payments if rates rose. On a £270,000 mortgage over 25 years, payments are £1,575.25 a month at 4.98% but £1,908.30 at a 7% stress rate — a 21.1% payment shock. The stress-test tab above runs this comparison on your own figures.
How does loan-to-value (LTV) affect my mortgage rate?
Lower LTV means a cheaper rate. Typical five-year fixed rates in October 2026 were about 5.39% at 95% LTV, 5.26% at 90%, 5.15% at 80%, 5.07% at 75% and 4.98% at 60% LTV. A £300,000 home with a £30,000 deposit is 90% LTV, so around 5.26%; with a £120,000 deposit it is 60% LTV, around 4.98%. Rates move, so treat these as illustrative.
How does the Help to Buy equity loan work?
You put down at least a 5% deposit and the government lends you 20% of the price (40% in London), interest-free for five years. On a £300,000 home outside London: £15,000 deposit, £60,000 equity loan, and a £225,000 mortgage covering the rest. The equity loan is repaid as a share of the sale price later.
What is the First Homes scheme?
First Homes gives first-time buyers at least a 30% discount on new-build homes. A £300,000 home costs £210,000 under the scheme, and the discount stays attached to the property when you sell, so it helps the next buyer too. Eligibility and price caps vary by local area.
How much extra stamp duty do I pay on a second home?
Buyers of an additional residential property pay 5 percentage points above standard rates on every band. On a £295,000 purchase that is £19,500, versus £4,750 for a standard buyer of the same home. The higher rates apply from 1 April 2025.
What monthly payment can I afford on my salary?
Lenders look at take-home pay minus committed outgoings, with a buffer for rate rises. With £3,500 monthly take-home, £1,800 of outgoings and a £200 buffer, £1,500 a month is affordable. At a 7% stress rate over 25 years that supports a maximum loan of about £212,230.
What does a £200,000 mortgage cost per month at 4.98%?
£1,166.85 per month over 25 years. That is the principal-and-interest payment only; your lender will add buildings insurance and your solicitor will add stamp duty and fees on top.
Is this calculator financial advice?
No. Every figure here is an estimate for education and comparison only, not professional financial advice. Mortgage offers depend on the lender's own affordability assessment, credit checks and valuation. Stamp duty bands are those published on gov.uk for England and Northern Ireland from 1 April 2025 and can change at any Budget. Scotland uses Land and Buildings Transaction Tax and Wales uses Land Transaction Tax, which have different bands. Speak to an independent mortgage adviser before making decisions.